{"id":908,"date":"2021-09-15T00:10:39","date_gmt":"2021-09-14T17:10:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/students.new88088.net\/2021\/09\/15\/xay-dung-subject-guides-trong-thu-vien-dai-hoc-o-viet-nam\/"},"modified":"2021-09-15T00:10:39","modified_gmt":"2021-09-14T17:10:39","slug":"xay-dung-subject-guides-trong-thu-vien-dai-hoc-o-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/xay-dung-subject-guides-trong-thu-vien-dai-hoc-o-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Subject guides trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng tin ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111a d\u1ea1ng bao g\u1ed3m: Gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo c\u00e1c chu tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp m\u1edf \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p m\u1edf. Th\u00f4ng tin t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi [3]. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tin (NDT), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00f4ng tin. Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 subject guides (danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1) nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c cho NDT l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao ng\u00e0y nay, subject guides \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, subject guides ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

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1. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m subject guides<\/strong><\/p>\n

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N\u0103m 1973, t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n MIT (Hoa K\u1ef3), subject guides \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1edfi nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Stevens, Canfield, v\u00e0 Gardner (1973) d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 library pathfinder. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng\u201d [9]. Subject guides th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c t\u1edd r\u01a1i, t\u1edd ph\u00edch, t\u1edd b\u01b0\u1edbm\u2026 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u1ec7 b\u00ean trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, n\u01a1i NDT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ed9i dung subject guides t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho NDT trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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Ng\u00e0y nay, subject guides l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng tin ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a NDT t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, subject guides c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0: subject guides, research guides, research tools, pathfinders, electronic library guides ho\u1eb7c e-guides, webliographies, internet resource collections, resource lists, subject portals\u2026\u201d [10]. Trong \u0111\u00f3, subject guides l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i dung, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 theo n\u1ed9i dung, theo \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 [4].<\/p>\n


\nC\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 subject guides c\u0169ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng theo nhi\u1ec1u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: subject guides l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin, \u201ct\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u00fap NDT nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3\u201d [5]; subject guides l\u00e0 \u201cdanh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 s\u00e1ch, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c trang web…\u201d [6].
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\nT\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, subject guides l\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u theo t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Subject guides \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, c\u01a1 quan th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NDT ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c hay chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n subject guides trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan th\u00f4ng tin – th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng NDT. Subject guides c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, video clip\u2026 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.
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\nSubject guides c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng sau:
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\n– N\u1ed9i dung xoay quanh t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u tin \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng NDT ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.
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\n– D\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi NDT. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c subject guides \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp theo nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n nh\u01b0ng linh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n video clip ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 minh ho\u1ea1. Giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, quen thu\u1ed9c, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a sub\u00adject guides t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111a d\u1ea1ng theo t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi NDT. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0: tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, g\u1eedi th\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u2026 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e8m theo gi\u00fap k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 NDT m\u1ecdi l\u00fac, m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, t\u1ea1o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, g\u1ea7n g\u0169i gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean.
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\n– D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec: Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp, sao ch\u00e9p, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec sub\u00adject guides. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c trang ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0: s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea5y, s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u00e0i b\u00e1o – t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, trang web, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c subject guides [8]. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c k\u00eanh nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a NDT c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111i k\u00e8m, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ghi nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9nh, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng subject guides c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n.
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\n2. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a subject guides trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/strong>
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\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, subject guides \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NDT ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Subject guides c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:
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\nSubject guides l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho NDT c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 [4].
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\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp subject guides l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao v\u00e0 am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho NDT [9]. M\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111a d\u1ea1ng b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: s\u00e1ch, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, b\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0, trang web\u2026
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\nV\u00ec v\u1eady, NDT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c t\u00ecm th\u00f4ng tin.
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\nB\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, th\u00f4ng qua chia s\u1ebb li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a subject guides trong c\u00e1c trang m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho NDT m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u tin thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau cho nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng NDT.
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\nSubject guides h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc. Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 hay b\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c subject guides \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n. M\u1ed7i subject guides \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t trang con v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn li\u00ean k\u1ebft ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c chia s\u1ebb li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a subject guides \u0111\u1ebfn trang sinh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam trong m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc [8].
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\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, sinh vi\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng subject guides nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. Qua \u0111\u00f3, subject guides gi\u00fap NDT ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n [2].
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\nSubject guides l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng Internet, subject guides l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u00fap th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi NDT. M\u1ed7i subject guides l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. NDT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng subject guides s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ti\u1ebft ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u subject guides th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c trang m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho NDT. <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, subject guides c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap t\u0103ng th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng trang web th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c trang k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cho trang web th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u NDT m\u1edbi h\u01a1n. M\u1ed7i trang con sub\u00adject guides ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed9i dung h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c t\u1eeb kho\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong n\u1ed9i dung gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tra c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 google, yahoo, bing\u2026 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t subject guides trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tra t\u00ecm, gi\u00fap NDT nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00ec v\u1eady, subject guides gi\u00fap th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u NDT m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n


\n3. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Subject guides trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/strong>
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\n3.1. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p sub\u00adject guides c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i<\/i><\/strong>
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\nPh\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0: Anh, Hoa K\u1ef3, Canada, \u00d4txtr\u00e2ylia\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m chung sau \u0111\u00e2y:
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\nM\u1edf truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 tr\u00ean t\u1eebng subject guides n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb khi phong tr\u00e0o truy c\u1eadp m\u1edf tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i k\u00e8m nh\u01b0: Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n MIT (Hoa K\u1ef3), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Alberta, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc MacEwan, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Mount Royal (Canada), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Manchester, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Loughborough (Anh)\u2026
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\nN\u1ed9i dung subject guides th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0: t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u in \u1ea5n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c\/ hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i, lu\u1eadn v\u0103n\/ lu\u1eadn \u00e1n\u2026 [1].
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\nM\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0: sub\u00adject guides c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Fogler thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Maine, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u1eafc Carolina, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc bang Portland (Hoa K\u1ef3), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf Ottawa thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Algonquin (Canada)\u2026 ho\u1eb7c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California (Hoa K\u1ef3), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cape Town (Nam Phi)\u2026 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NDT: C\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 xem tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u trang\u2026<\/p>\n


\nV\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn cho ph\u00e9p tu\u1ef3 bi\u1ebfn, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh ho\u1ea1, video clip\u2026
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\nV\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7: C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng Springshare \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi 5.700 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i 80 qu\u1ed1c gia [7].
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\nPh\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt h\u01a1n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:
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\n+ SubjectPlus: Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng Illinois, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oakland (Hoa K\u1ef3), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Shue Yan, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Hang Seng (H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng).
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\n+ MyLibrary: Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oklahoma, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Hesburgh thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Notre Dame (Hoa K\u1ef3).
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\nPh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1: M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tri th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh: Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Berkeley thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California (Hoa K\u1ef3), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Bodleian thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford (Anh), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc RMIT (\u00d4txtr\u00e2ylia), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n NUS (Singapore)\u2026
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\nH\u1ee3p t\u00e1c: C\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides d\u00f9ng chung.
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\n3.2. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p subject guides c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i><\/strong>
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\nHi\u1ec7n nay, subject guides ch\u01b0a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7\/2018, c\u00f3 3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides bao g\u1ed3m: Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00f4ng tin – Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i; Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Trung t\u00e2m – \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m H\u1ecdc li\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1.
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\nVi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m chung nh\u01b0 sau:
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\nM\u1edf truy c\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.
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\nN\u1ed9i dung subject guides gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t thu\u1ed9c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, bao g\u1ed3m ngu\u1ed3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n truy c\u1eadp m\u1edf.
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\nTi\u1ec7n \u00edch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3: C\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, th\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u2026; cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u trang v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin; Ch\u01b0a cho ph\u00e9p NDT \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng subject guides.
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\nThu\u1eadt ng\u1eef s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.
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\nV\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. Danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Trang subject guides v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7, d\u1ec5 in \u1ea5n.
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\nV\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7: Ch\u01b0a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 web.
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\nH\u1ee3p t\u00e1c: Ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c subject guides d\u00f9ng chung.
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\nB\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, 3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (B\u1ea3ng trang 28):
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\nNh\u00ecn chung, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c subject guides v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00f4ng tin cho NDT. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides, trong \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00f4ng tin – Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.
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\nTuy nhi\u00ean, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides trong c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 sau:
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\n– Subject guides ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu sub\u00adject guides h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NDT; <\/p>\n

– N\u1ed9i dung nhi\u1ec1u subject guides c\u00f2n s\u01a1 s\u00e0i, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 do ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin in \u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f2n ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, ch\u01b0a c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt [1];<\/p>\n


\n– C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i dung subject guides ch\u01b0a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u00edt h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh ho\u1ea1\u2026; <\/p>\n

– H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1edf truy c\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u00edt ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NDT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0: ch\u01b0a c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n khi NDT c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u00e8m theo m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, g\u00f3p \u00fd, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt subject guides ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nhu c\u1ea7u NDT\u2026<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"2019<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i><\/p>\n


\n\u0110\u1ec3 subject guides tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho NDT, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 sau:
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\n– C\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng nhau n\u00ean h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 mua ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng nhau, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt subject guides d\u00f9ng chung cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, v\u1eeba ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 v\u1eeba ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c.
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\n– T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng khai th\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin truy c\u1eadp m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NDT ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tri th\u1ee9c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.
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\n– X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi subject guides, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 NDT.
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\n– Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng subject guides, khai kh\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n.
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\n– T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c subject guides chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.
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\nK\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong>
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\nSubject guides l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NDT ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm tin. \u0110\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p subject guides m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a NDT ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.
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\nNguy\u1ec5n L\u00ea Na –\u00a0<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Hoa Sen
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\nNgu\u1ed3n: T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng tin ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111a d\u1ea1ng bao g\u1ed3m: Gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo c\u00e1c chu tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp m\u1edf \u0111i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc-nghiep-vu-tt-tv"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=908"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/908\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lib.new88088.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}